Occurring in women of reproductive age, amenorrhea or lack of menses, has a hormonal component that needs to be identified and resolved. Amenorrhea treatment depends a lot on whether the woman has never menstruated or has skipped cycles. Other disorders can contribute to the disease therfore a thorough physical examination including blood panels should be done.
Primary amenorrhea can be caused by a variety of other conditions. These include chromosomal abnormalities like Turner's Syndrome. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia or hypothalamic or pituitary lesions could also be the cause. Structural abnormalities of the genital track such as an obstruction could cause symptoms. An absence of reproductive organs can be the reason for the absence of menses.
Secondary symptoms can be caused by excessive physical exercise, any chronic illness, thyroid disorders, various medications, oral contraceptives, autoimmune ovarian failure or premature menopause. An adrenal disease such as Cushing's Syndrome could also cause this to occur. Polycystic Ovarian Disorder or PCOD may be the reason as well.
Some of the signs and symptoms are the absence of menses itself. Other signs and symptoms can include weight loss which may indicate Anorexia Nervosa or Hyperthyroidism. Weight gain may suggest the presence of Cushing's Syndrome or hypothyroidism. Excessive hair on the face or Hirsutism may mean there is an androgen excess due to PCOD. Discharge from the nipples is another symptom to look for.
Symptoms are indicators that there is a hormonal imbalance that needs correcting. First one must find the cause of the imbalance and then have a detailed assessment of their health to include a full physical. Puberty should be one consideration and pregnancy another when ruling out symptoms. Having a hormone panel done will show if the thyroid has any problems and prolactin levels should be checked.
Things to look for are high levels of lutinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone which could mean that the ovaries are failing. Elevated levels of lutinizing hormone could indicate PCOD. An androgen secreting tumor could cause high levels of plasma testosterone. Hypothalamic or pituitary disease are indicated by low levels of estradiol and gonadotrophins. Based upon the findings from a blood panel one may need additional tests done such as an MRI, a CT scan or an ultrasound.
Conventional treatment options depend on the age, causative factor, desire for children and psychological condition of the patient. There is substitution therapy and stimulation therapy. Substitution therapy includes treatment with cyclic estrogen or an estrogen-progesterone blend in case of ovarian failure. This is good for younger patients but is also good for patients over 40 who have psychological factors to take into consideration. Stimulation therapy is used in the case of pituitary failure where the ovaries are stimulated with human gonadotrophins or non steroidal products such as Clomiphene Citrate. Removal or treatment of the thyroid or adrenal glands may help to reestablish ovarian function.
For more permanent amenorrhea treatment that does not only mask the symptoms it is important to think about the primary cause of why hormones are out of balance and work toward balancing them. Taking a natural approach to treating both the primary and secondary symptoms will offer relief that is lasting. These methods work so well because they stimulate the ovaries and the pituitary glands and regulate them as well as menstruation. They will induce menses and regulate the length of the menstrual cycle as well as the entire endocrine axis offering results that will last.
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